A small aperture/fstop is paired with a slow a shutterspeed.
A medium aperture/fstop is paired with a medium shutterspeed.
A wide aperture/fstop is paired with a short shutterspeed.
Imagine the water as being the 'amount of light' entering the camera. A small hole means slower flow of water, whereas a large hole means a faster flow of water.
In order to get the exposure in the middle you could use any of the combinations above. Generally speaking a f/5.6 and 1/60 is a middle range to start with. Then use the light meter to adjust.
Differential focus (depth of field) can create blurry backgrounds with wide f/stops like 1.4. Slow shutterspeeds can also create blur during action shots.
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